{"id":945,"date":"2026-05-26T23:13:48","date_gmt":"2026-05-26T15:13:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/junai.ai\/blog\/fastapi-testing-10\/"},"modified":"2026-05-26T23:13:48","modified_gmt":"2026-05-26T15:13:48","slug":"fastapi-testing-10","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/junai.ai\/blog\/fastapi-testing-10\/","title":{"rendered":"FastAPI \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \u2014 TestClient\uc640 pytest"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<!-- WordPress REST API \ubc1c\ud589\uc6a9 HTML (\uc790\ub3d9 \uc0dd\uc131) -->\n<!-- WP-FEATURED-MEDIA-ID: 932 -->\n<div style=\"max-width:800px;margin:0 auto;\">\n<style>\n:root {--color-primary:#00897b;--color-accent:#009688;--color-bg:#fafbfc;--color-bg-card:#fff;--color-text:#1a202c;--color-text-muted:#64748b;--hero-start:#004d40;--hero-end:#00897b;}\n*{box-sizing:border-box;}\n.container{max-width:760px;margin:0 auto;padding:0 24px 80px;}\n.hero{background:linear-gradient(135deg,var(--hero-start) 0%,var(--hero-end) 100%);color:#fff;padding:80px 24px 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h3{font-size:17px;}body{font-size:16px;}}\n<\/style>\n<section class=\"hero\">\n  <span class=\"eyebrow\">FastAPI \uad50\uc7ac \u00b7 10\ud3b8 \u00b7 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8<\/span>\n  <h1>FastAPI \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \u2014 TestClient\uc640 pytest<\/h1>\n  <p>\ube0c\ub77c\uc6b0\uc800\ub85c \/docs \ubc84\ud2bc\uc744 \uc77c\uc77c\uc774 \ub20c\ub7ec \ud655\uc778\ud558\ub358 \uc2dc\ub300\ub97c \ub05d\ub0b8\ub2e4. \ucf54\ub4dc \ud55c \uc904\ub85c API \uc804\uccb4\uac00 \uba40\uca61\ud55c\uc9c0 \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uac80\uc0ac\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/junai.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/hero-5-107.jpg\" alt=\"\ucd08\ub85d\uc0c9 \uccb4\ud06c \ud45c\uc2dc\uac00 API \uc5d4\ub4dc\ud3ec\uc778\ud2b8\ub97c \uac80\uc99d\ud558\uace0 \uc790\ub3d9 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \ub7ec\ub108\uac00 \ud1b5\uacfc \ud45c\uc2dc\ub97c \ud655\uc778\ud558\ub294 FastAPI \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uc544\uc774\uc18c\uba54\ud2b8\ub9ad \uc77c\ub7ec\uc2a4\ud2b8\">\n<\/section>\n\n<div class=\"container\">\n<article>\n\n<p>8\ud3b8\uc5d0\uc11c CRUD \ud55c \ubc8c\uc744, 9\ud3b8\uc5d0\uc11c JWT \uc778\uc99d\uae4c\uc9c0 \ubd99\uc600\ub2e4. \ucf54\ub4dc\uac00 \ub298\uc5b4\ub098\uba74\uc11c \uc2ac\uc2ac \ubb34\uc11c\uc6cc\uc9c0\ub294 \uc21c\uac04\uc774 \uc628\ub2e4 \u2014 <strong>&#8220;\uc774 \ud55c \uc904 \uace0\ucce4\ub294\ub370, \ub2e4\ub978 \ub370\uac00 \ub9dd\uac00\uc9c0\uc9c4 \uc54a\uc558\uc744\uae4c?&#8221;<\/strong> \uc9c0\uae08\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \ud655\uc778\ud558\ub358 \ubc29\ubc95\uc740 \ud558\ub098\ubfd0\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc11c\ubc84\ub97c \ub744\uc6b0\uace0, \ube0c\ub77c\uc6b0\uc800\ub85c <code>\/docs<\/code> \uc5d0 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uac00, \uc5d4\ub4dc\ud3ec\uc778\ud2b8\ub9c8\ub2e4 \uc9c1\uc811 \ubc84\ud2bc\uc744 \ub20c\ub7ec \ubcf4\ub294 \uac83.<\/p>\n\n<p>\uc774\ubc88 \ud3b8\uc5d0\uc11c \uadf8 \uc218\ub3d9 \ub178\ub3d9\uc744 \ucf54\ub4dc\ub85c \ub300\uccb4\ud55c\ub2e4. <strong>TestClient<\/strong> \ub85c \uccab \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub97c \uc4f0\uace0, <strong>pytest<\/strong> \ub85c \uae54\ub054\ud558\uac8c \uc815\ub9ac\ud55c \ub4a4, \uc2e4\uc81c DB \ub97c \uac74\ub4dc\ub9ac\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc6a9 DB \ub97c \ub07c\uc6cc \ub123\ub294 <strong>\uc758\uc874\uc131 \uc624\ubc84\ub77c\uc774\ub4dc<\/strong>\uae4c\uc9c0 \uac04\ub2e4. \ub05d\ub098\uba74 \uba85\ub839\uc5b4 \ud55c \uc904\ub85c API \uc804\uccb4\uc758 \uac74\uac15 \uac80\uc9c4\uc774 \ub3c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n<h2>1. \uc65c \uc790\ub3d9 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc778\uac00 \u2014 \uc190\uac00\ub77d\uc758 \ud55c\uacc4<\/h2>\n\n<p>\uc5d4\ub4dc\ud3ec\uc778\ud2b8\uac00 \uc14b\uc77c \ub54c\ub294 \uc218\ub3d9 \ud655\uc778\uc774 \uadf8\ub7ed\uc800\ub7ed \uacac\ub51c \ub9cc\ud558\ub2e4. <code>\/docs<\/code> \uc5d0 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uac00 GET \ud55c \ubc88, POST \ud55c \ubc88 \ub20c\ub7ec \ubcf4\uba74 \ub05d\uc774\ub2c8\uae4c. \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 API \uac00 \uc790\ub77c\uba74\uc11c \uc2dc\uc791\ub41c\ub2e4. \uc5d4\ub4dc\ud3ec\uc778\ud2b8\uac00 \uc2a4\ubb34 \uac1c\uac00 \ub418\uba74, \uc791\uc740 \uc218\uc815 \ud558\ub098\uc5d0 \uc2a4\ubb34 \uacf3\uc744 \uc804\ubd80 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ub20c\ub7ec \ubd10\uc57c \uc9c4\uc9dc \uc548\uc804\ud55c\uc9c0 \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uadf8\uac78 \ub9e4\ubc88 \ud560 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc740 \uc5c6\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n<p>\uadf8\ub798\uc11c \ud604\uc2e4\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ub418\ub290\ub0d0 \u2014 \ubc29\uae08 \uace0\uce5c \uacf3\ub9cc \ud655\uc778\ud558\uace0 \ub098\uba38\uc9c0\ub294 &#8220;\uad1c\ucc2e\uaca0\uc9c0&#8221; \ud558\uace0 \ub118\uae34\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub2e4 \ud55c \ub2ec \uc804\uc5d0 \uc798 \ub3cc\ub358 \ud68c\uc6d0\uac00\uc785\uc774 \uc5b4\ub290 \uc21c\uac04 \uae68\uc838 \uc788\ub294 \uac78 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uba3c\uc800 \ubc1c\uacac\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub807\uac8c <strong>\uc608\uc804\uc5d4 \uba40\uca61\ud588\ub294\ub370 \uc0c8 \ucf54\ub4dc \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \ub9dd\uac00\uc9c0\ub294 \ud604\uc0c1<\/strong>\uc744 <strong>\ud68c\uadc0(regression)<\/strong> \ub77c \ubd80\ub978\ub2e4. \uc790\ub3d9 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc758 \uccab \ubc88\uc9f8 \uc874\uc7ac \uc774\uc720\uac00 \ubc14\ub85c \uc774 \ud68c\uadc0\ub97c \ub9c9\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"databox\">\n<strong>\ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub294 &#8220;\ub450 \ubc88\uc9f8 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790&#8221; \ub2e4<\/strong> \u2014 \ud55c \ubc88 \uc798 \uc801\uc5b4 \ub454 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub294 \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \uace0\uce60 \ub54c\ub9c8\ub2e4 0.1\ucd08 \ub9cc\uc5d0 \uc804\uccb4\ub97c \ub2e4\uc2dc \ub20c\ub7ec \ubcf4\ub294 \uc9c0\uce58\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uac80\uc0ac\uc6d0\uc774 \ub41c\ub2e4. \ucc98\uc74c \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub97c \uc4f0\ub294 \ub370 5\ubd84\uc774 \ub4e4\uc5b4\ub3c4, \uadf8 5\ubd84\uc740 \uc55e\uc73c\ub85c \uc218\uc2ed \ubc88 \ubc18\ubcf5\ub420 \uc218\ub3d9 \ud074\ub9ad\uc744 \ud1b5\uc9f8\ub85c \uc5c6\uc560 \uc900\ub2e4. \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub294 \ube44\uc6a9\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c <strong>\ubbf8\ub798\uc758 \uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \ubbf8\ub9ac \uc0ac \ub450\ub294 \uc77c<\/strong>\uc774\ub2e4.\n<\/div>\n\n<h2>2. TestClient \u2014 \uccab \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uc4f0\uae30<\/h2>\n\n<p>FastAPI \ub294 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \ub3c4\uad6c\ub97c \uae30\ubcf8\uc73c\ub85c \ub4e4\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. <code>TestClient<\/code> \ub294 \uc9c4\uc9dc \uc11c\ubc84\ub97c \ub744\uc6b0\uac70\ub098 \ud3ec\ud2b8\ub97c \uc5f4\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0\ub3c4, <strong>\ub9c8\uce58 \ube0c\ub77c\uc6b0\uc800\uac00 \uc694\uccad\uc744 \ubcf4\ub0b8 \uac83\ucc98\ub7fc<\/strong> \uc571\uc744 \uc9c1\uc811 \ud638\ucd9c\ud574 \uc751\ub2f5\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544 \uc8fc\ub294 \uac00\uc9dc \ud074\ub77c\uc774\uc5b8\ud2b8\ub2e4. 1\ud3b8\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9cc\ub4e0 \uadf8 \ub8e8\ud2b8 \uc5d4\ub4dc\ud3ec\uc778\ud2b8\ub97c \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ud574 \ubcf4\uc790.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"code-block\"># main.py \u2014 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ud560 \ub300\uc0c1 (1\ud3b8 \uadf8\ub300\ub85c)\nfrom fastapi import FastAPI\n\napp = FastAPI()\n\n@app.get(&#8220;\/&#8221;)\ndef read_root():\n    return {&#8220;message&#8221;: &#8220;\uc548\ub155, FastAPI!&#8221;}<\/div>\n\n<p>\uc774\uc81c \uac19\uc740 \ud3f4\ub354\uc5d0 <code>test_main.py<\/code> \ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uace0 \uccab \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub97c \uc801\ub294\ub2e4. \ud575\uc2ec\uc740 \uc138 \uc904 \u2014 \ud074\ub77c\uc774\uc5b8\ud2b8\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uace0, \uc694\uccad\uc744 \ubcf4\ub0b4\uace0, \uc751\ub2f5\uc774 \uae30\ub300\ub300\ub85c\uc778\uc9c0 <code>assert<\/code> \ub85c \ub2e8\uc5b8\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"code-block\"># test_main.py \u2014 \uccab \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\nfrom fastapi.testclient import TestClient\nfrom main import app\n\nclient = TestClient(app)   # app \uc744 \uac10\uc2fc \uac00\uc9dc \ud074\ub77c\uc774\uc5b8\ud2b8\n\ndef test_root():\n    response = client.get(&#8220;\/&#8221;)              # GET \/ \uc694\uccad\uc744 \ud749\ub0b4 \ub0b8\ub2e4\n    assert response.status_code == 200      # 200 OK \uac00 \uc654\ub294\uac00\n    assert response.json() == {&#8220;message&#8221;: &#8220;\uc548\ub155, FastAPI!&#8221;}  # \ubcf8\ubb38\uc774 \ub9de\ub294\uac00<\/div>\n\n<p>\uc77d\uc5b4 \ubcf4\uba74 \uac70\uc758 \ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4\ub2e4. <code>client.get(\"\/\")<\/code> \ub294 &#8220;<code>\/<\/code> \uc8fc\uc18c\ub85c GET \uc694\uccad\uc744 \ubcf4\ub0b4\ub77c&#8221;, <code>assert<\/code> \ub294 &#8220;\uc774\uac8c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4, \uc544\ub2c8\uba74 \uc2e4\ud328\ub85c \uccd0\ub77c&#8221; \ub294 \ub73b\uc774\ub2e4. <code>response.status_code<\/code> \ub85c \uc0c1\ud0dc \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c, <code>response.json()<\/code> \uc73c\ub85c \ubcf8\ubb38\uc744 \uaebc\ub0b4 \ube44\uad50\ud55c\ub2e4. <code>\/docs<\/code> \uc5d0\uc11c \uc190\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\ub358 \uc77c\uc744 \uae00\ub85c \uc62e\uae34 \uac83\ubfd0\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n<p>POST \uc694\uccad\ub3c4 \ub611\uac19\uc774 \ud749\ub0b4 \ub0bc \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \ubcf4\ub0bc JSON \uc740 <code>json=<\/code> \uc778\uc790\uc5d0 \ub515\uc154\ub108\ub9ac\ub85c \ub118\uae30\uba74 \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"code-block\">def test_create_user():\n    response = client.post(&#8220;\/users&#8221;, json={&#8220;name&#8221;: &#8220;\uc9c0\ubbfc&#8221;, &#8220;email&#8221;: &#8220;jimin@example.com&#8221;})\n    assert response.status_code == 201          # 8\ud3b8\uc5d0\uc11c \uc815\ud55c \uc0dd\uc131 \ucf54\ub4dc\n    data = response.json()\n    assert data[&#8220;name&#8221;] == &#8220;\uc9c0\ubbfc&#8221;\n    assert &#8220;id&#8221; in data                          # DB \uac00 id \ub97c \ubd80\uc5ec\ud588\ub294\uac00<\/div>\n\n<h2>3. pytest \u2014 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub97c \uad74\ub9ac\ub294 \uc5d4\uc9c4\uacfc fixture<\/h2>\n\n<p>\uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \uc4f4 <code>test_<\/code> \ub85c \uc2dc\uc791\ud558\ub294 \ud568\uc218\ub4e4, \ub204\uac00 \ucc3e\uc544\uc11c \uc2e4\ud589\ud574 \uc904\uae4c? \uadf8 \uc77c\uc744 \ud558\ub294 \ub3c4\uad6c\uac00 <strong>pytest<\/strong> \ub2e4. \ud30c\uc774\uc36c \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc758 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc0c1 \ud45c\uc900\uc774\uace0, FastAPI \uacf5\uc2dd \ubb38\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc774\uac78 \uc4f4\ub2e4. \uc124\uce58\ub294 \ud55c \uc904\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"code-block\">$ pip install pytest httpx<\/div>\n\n<p><code>httpx<\/code> \ub3c4 \ud568\uaed8 \uae4c\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub294 <code>TestClient<\/code> \uac00 \ub0b4\ubd80\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc774 \ub77c\uc774\ube0c\ub7ec\ub9ac\ub85c \uc694\uccad\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\uc81c \ud130\ubbf8\ub110\uc5d0\uc11c <code>pytest<\/code> \ub9cc \uce58\uba74 \ub05d\uc774\ub2e4. pytest \ub294 \uc57d\uc18d\ub41c \uc774\ub984\uc744 \ubcf4\uace0 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub97c \uc54c\uc544\uc11c \ubaa8\uc740\ub2e4 \u2014 <strong>\ud30c\uc77c\uc740 <code>test_*.py<\/code>, \ud568\uc218\ub294 <code>test_*<\/code><\/strong>. \uc774 \uaddc\uce59\ub9cc \uc9c0\ud0a4\uba74 \ub4f1\ub85d \uc808\ucc28 \uc5c6\uc774 \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc218\uc9d1\ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"code-block\">$ pytest\n========================= test session starts =========================\ncollected 2 items\n\ntest_main.py ..                                                  [100%]\n\n========================== 2 passed in 0.18s ==========================<\/div>\n\n<p>\ucd08\ub85d\uc0c9 \uc810 \ud558\ub098\uac00 \ud1b5\uacfc\ud55c \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \ud558\ub098\ub2e4. \uc2e4\ud328\ud558\uba74 \uadf8 \uc790\ub9ac\uc5d0 <code>F<\/code> \uac00 \ucc0d\ud788\uace0, <strong>\uc5b4\ub290 \uc904\uc758 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \ub2e8\uc5b8\uc774 \uc65c \uae68\uc84c\ub294\uc9c0<\/strong>\uae4c\uc9c0 \uce5c\uc808\ud558\uac8c \ucd9c\ub825\ub41c\ub2e4. \uc190\uc73c\ub85c \ub20c\ub7ec \ubcf4\uba70 &#8220;\uc5b4&#8230; \uc544\uae4c\ub294 \ub410\ub294\ub370&#8221; \ud558\ub358 \ub9c9\uc5f0\ud568\uc774 \uc0ac\ub77c\uc9c4\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n<h3>fixture \u2014 \ubc18\ubcf5\ub418\ub294 \uc900\ube44\ub97c \ud55c\uacf3\uc5d0<\/h3>\n\n<p>\ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\uac00 \ub298\uba74 \uac19\uc740 \uc900\ube44 \ucf54\ub4dc\uac00 \uc790\uafb8 \ubc18\ubcf5\ub41c\ub2e4. \ub9e4\ubc88 \ud074\ub77c\uc774\uc5b8\ud2b8\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uac70\ub098, \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc6a9 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ubbf8\ub9ac \ub123\uc5b4 \ub450\ub294 \uc77c \ub9d0\uc774\ub2e4. pytest \uc758 <strong>fixture<\/strong> \ub294 \uc774 \uacf5\ud1b5 \uc900\ube44\ubb3c\uc744 \ud568\uc218\ub85c \ubb36\uc5b4 \ub450\uace0, \ud544\uc694\ud55c \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\uac00 <strong>\ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218\ub85c \ubc1b\uc544 \uc4f0\uac8c<\/strong> \ud574 \uc900\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"code-block\">import pytest\nfrom fastapi.testclient import TestClient\nfrom main import app\n\n@pytest.fixture\ndef client():\n    return TestClient(app)      # \uc900\ube44\ubb3c\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4 \ub3cc\ub824\uc900\ub2e4\n\ndef test_root(client):          # \ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218 \uc774\ub984 = fixture \uc774\ub984\n    response = client.get(&#8220;\/&#8221;)\n    assert response.status_code == 200<\/div>\n\n<p>\ub9c8\ubc95\ucc98\ub7fc \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0\ub9cc \uaddc\uce59\uc740 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud558\ub2e4 \u2014 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \ud568\uc218\uc758 <strong>\ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218 \uc774\ub984\uc774 fixture \ud568\uc218 \uc774\ub984\uacfc \uac19\uc73c\uba74<\/strong>, pytest \uac00 \uadf8 fixture \ub97c \uba3c\uc800 \uc2e4\ud589\ud574 \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \ub07c\uc6cc \ub123\uc5b4 \uc900\ub2e4. \uc774\uc81c \ud074\ub77c\uc774\uc5b8\ud2b8 \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9c8\ub2e4 \ubca0\uaef4 \uc4f8 \ud544\uc694\uac00 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc74c \uc808\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774 fixture \uac00 \uc9c4\uc9dc \uc704\ub825\uc744 \ubc1c\ud718\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n<h2>4. \uc758\uc874\uc131 \uc624\ubc84\ub77c\uc774\ub4dc \u2014 \uc9c4\uc9dc DB \ub294 \uac74\ub4dc\ub9ac\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4<\/h2>\n\n<p>\uc5ec\uae30 \ud070 \ud568\uc815\uc774 \ud558\ub098 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc704\uc758 <code>test_create_user<\/code> \ub97c \uadf8\ub0e5 \ub3cc\ub9ac\uba74 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ub420\uae4c \u2014 <strong>\uc6b4\uc601 \uc911\uc778 \uc9c4\uc9dc DB \uc5d0 &#8220;\uc9c0\ubbfc&#8221; \uc774 \uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c \uc800\uc7a5\ub41c\ub2e4.<\/strong> \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub97c \ub3cc\ub9b4 \ub54c\ub9c8\ub2e4 \uac00\uc9dc \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \uc313\uc774\uace0, \uc6b4\uc774 \ub098\uc058\uba74 \uc9c4\uc9dc \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ub36e\uc5b4\uc4f4\ub2e4. \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub294 \uc808\ub300 \uc9c4\uc9dc DB \ub97c \uac74\ub4dc\ub9ac\uba74 \uc548 \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n<p>\ud574\ubc95\uc740 7~9\ud3b8\uc5d0\uc11c \uc904\uace7 \uc368 \uc628 <code>Depends(get_db)<\/code> \uad6c\uc870\uc5d0 \uc228\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub9ac \ub77c\uc6b0\ud2b8\ub294 DB \uc138\uc158\uc744 \uc9c1\uc811 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 <code>get_db<\/code> \ub77c\ub294 \uc758\uc874\uc131\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1b\uc544 \uc37c\ub2e4. FastAPI \ub294 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ud560 \ub54c \uc774 <code>get_db<\/code> \ub97c <strong>\ud1b5\uc9f8\ub85c \uac00\uc9dc\ub85c \ubc14\uafd4\uce58\uae30<\/strong>\ud558\ub294 \ubb38\uc744 \uc5f4\uc5b4 \ub454\ub2e4. \uadf8\uac8c <code>app.dependency_overrides<\/code> \ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"code-block\"># conftest.py \u2014 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc6a9 SQLite \ub97c \uc900\ube44\ud55c\ub2e4\nimport pytest\nfrom sqlalchemy import create_engine\nfrom sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker\nfrom fastapi.testclient import TestClient\nfrom main import app\nfrom database import get_db, Base\n\n# \ud30c\uc77c\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac \uc704\uc5d0 \ub3c4\ub294 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uc804\uc6a9 DB\nengine = create_engine(&#8220;sqlite:\/\/\/:memory:&#8221;,\n                       connect_args={&#8220;check_same_thread&#8221;: False})\nTestSession = sessionmaker(bind=engine)\n\ndef override_get_db():\n    db = TestSession()\n    try:\n        yield db          # \uc9c4\uc9dc get_db \uc640 \ubaa8\uc591\uc774 \ub611\uac19\ub2e4\n    finally:\n        db.close()<\/div>\n\n<p>\uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac74 <code>override_get_db<\/code> \uac00 \uc9c4\uc9dc <code>get_db<\/code> \uc640 <strong>\ub611\uac19\uc740 \ubaa8\uc591<\/strong>(\uc138\uc158\uc744 <code>yield<\/code> \ud558\uace0 \ub05d\ub098\uba74 \ub2eb\ub294\ub2e4)\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc810\uc774\ub2e4. \ub77c\uc6b0\ud2b8 \uc785\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub204\uac00 \uc138\uc158\uc744 \uc8fc\ub4e0 \uc0c1\uad00\uc5c6\ub2e4 \u2014 \uc138\uc158\uc774\uae30\ub9cc \ud558\uba74 \ub41c\ub2e4. \uc774\uc81c fixture \uc5d0\uc11c \uadf8 \ubc14\uafd4\uce58\uae30\ub97c \uac74\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"code-block\">@pytest.fixture\ndef client():\n    Base.metadata.create_all(bind=engine)        # \ube48 \ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc744 \uc0c8\ub85c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uace0\n    app.dependency_overrides[get_db] = override_get_db   # get_db \ub97c \uac00\uc9dc\ub85c \uad50\uccb4\n    yield TestClient(app)                         # \uc774 \ud074\ub77c\uc774\uc5b8\ud2b8\ub85c \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\uac00 \ub3c8\ub2e4\n    app.dependency_overrides.clear()              # \ub05d\ub098\uba74 \uc6d0\ub798\ub300\ub85c \ub418\ub3cc\ub9b0\ub2e4\n    Base.metadata.drop_all(bind=engine)           # \ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc744 \uae68\ub057\uc774 \ube44\uc6b4\ub2e4<\/div>\n\n<p>\uc774 fixture \ud558\ub098\uac00 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc758 \uc548\uc804\uc744 \ud1b5\uc9f8\ub85c \ucc45\uc784\uc9c4\ub2e4. \ud750\ub984\uc744 \uadf8\ub9bc\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uba74 \uc774\ub807\ub2e4 \u2014 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\uac00 <code>\/users<\/code> \uc5d0 POST \ub97c \ubcf4\ub0b4\uba74, \ub77c\uc6b0\ud2b8\ub294 \ud3c9\uc18c\ucc98\ub7fc <code>Depends(get_db)<\/code> \ub85c \uc138\uc158\uc744 \uc694\uccad\ud55c\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7f0\ub370 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 <code>dependency_overrides<\/code> \ub85c \uae38\uc744 \ud2c0\uc5b4 \ub1a8\uc73c\ub2c8, FastAPI \ub294 \uc9c4\uc9dc <code>get_db<\/code> \ub300\uc2e0 <strong>\uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac SQLite \ub97c \uc8fc\ub294 <code>override_get_db<\/code><\/strong> \ub97c \ubd80\ub978\ub2e4. \ub77c\uc6b0\ud2b8 \ucf54\ub4dc\ub294 \ud55c \uc904\ub3c4 \uc548 \uace0\ucce4\ub294\ub370, \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub294 \uc6b4\uc601 DB \uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ud718\ubc1c\uc131 \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\uc5d0\ub9cc \ub4e4\uc5b4\uac04\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"warnbox\">\n<strong>\ub05d\ub098\uba74 \ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc \ub418\ub3cc\ub9ac\uc790<\/strong> \u2014 <code>app.dependency_overrides.clear()<\/code> \ub97c \ube60\ub728\ub9ac\uba74 \uc624\ubc84\ub77c\uc774\ub4dc\uac00 \uacc4\uc18d \ub0a8\uc544 \ub2e4\uc74c \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8, \uc2ec\ud558\uba74 \uc6b4\uc601 \ucf54\ub4dc\uc5d0\uae4c\uc9c0 \uac00\uc9dc DB \uac00 \ud758\ub7ec\ub4e0\ub2e4. \uc704 fixture \ucc98\ub7fc <code>yield<\/code> \ub4a4\uc5d0 \uc815\ub9ac(clear\u00b7drop)\ub97c \ub450\uba74, \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9c8\ub2e4 <strong>\uae68\ub057\ud55c \uc0c8 DB<\/strong> \ub85c \uc2dc\uc791\ud558\uace0 \ub05d\ub098\uba74 \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uccad\uc18c\ub41c\ub2e4. \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub07c\ub9ac \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \uc0c8\ub294 \uc77c\uc744 \uc6d0\ucc9c \ucc28\ub2e8\ud558\ub294 \ud575\uc2ec \uc2b5\uad00\uc774\ub2e4.\n<\/div>\n\n<h2>5. \uc815\ub9ac \u2014 \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ub2e4\uc74c \ud3b8<\/h2>\n\n<p>\ud55c\ub208\uc5d0 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ubcf4\uba74 \uc774 \uc138 \uac00\uc9c0\uac00 \uc804\ubd80\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"tablewrap\">\n<table>\n<thead><tr><th>\ub3c4\uad6c<\/th><th>\ud558\ub294 \uc77c<\/th><th>\ud575\uc2ec \ud55c \uc904<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>TestClient<\/td><td data-label=\"\ud558\ub294 \uc77c\">\uc11c\ubc84 \uc5c6\uc774 \uc694\uccad\uc744 \ud749\ub0b4<\/td><td data-label=\"\ud575\uc2ec \ud55c \uc904\">client.get(&#8220;\/&#8221;) \ub85c \uc751\ub2f5 \ubc1b\uae30<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>pytest<\/td><td data-label=\"\ud558\ub294 \uc77c\">test_* \ub97c \ubaa8\uc544 \uc2e4\ud589<\/td><td data-label=\"\ud575\uc2ec \ud55c \uc904\">\ud130\ubbf8\ub110\uc5d0 pytest \ud55c \uc904<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>fixture<\/td><td data-label=\"\ud558\ub294 \uc77c\">\uacf5\ud1b5 \uc900\ube44\ubb3c\uc744 \uc8fc\uc785<\/td><td data-label=\"\ud575\uc2ec \ud55c \uc904\">@pytest.fixture + \uac19\uc740 \uc774\ub984 \ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\uc624\ubc84\ub77c\uc774\ub4dc<\/td><td data-label=\"\ud558\ub294 \uc77c\">\uc9c4\uc9dc DB \u2192 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 DB<\/td><td data-label=\"\ud575\uc2ec \ud55c \uc904\">app.dependency_overrides[get_db]<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n\n<h3>\uc694\uc57d<\/h3>\n\n<p>\uc774\ubc88 \ud3b8\uc5d0\uc11c \uc218\ub3d9 \ud074\ub9ad\uc744 \uc790\ub3d9 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub85c \ubc14\uafe8\ub2e4. <strong><code>TestClient(app)<\/code> \ub85c \uc11c\ubc84 \uc5c6\uc774 \uc694\uccad\uc744 \ud749\ub0b4 \ub0b4\uace0, <code>assert<\/code> \ub85c \uc0c1\ud0dc \ucf54\ub4dc\uc640 \ubcf8\ubb38\uc744 \ub2e8\uc5b8<\/strong>\ud55c\ub2e4. <strong>pytest<\/strong> \ub294 <code>test_*.py<\/code> \uc548\uc758 <code>test_*<\/code> \ud568\uc218\ub97c \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \ubaa8\uc544 \ud55c \uc904 \uba85\ub839\uc73c\ub85c \uc2e4\ud589\ud558\uba70, <strong><code>@pytest.fixture<\/code><\/strong> \ub294 \ud074\ub77c\uc774\uc5b8\ud2b8 \uc0dd\uc131 \uac19\uc740 \uacf5\ud1b5 \uc900\ube44\ub97c \ud55c\uacf3\uc5d0 \ubaa8\uc544 \ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218\ub85c \uc8fc\uc785\ud55c\ub2e4. \uac00\uc7a5 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac74 <strong><code>app.dependency_overrides[get_db] = override_get_db<\/code><\/strong> \u2014 7~9\ud3b8\uc758 <code>get_db<\/code> \ub97c \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac SQLite \ub85c \ubc14\uafd4\uce58\uae30\ud574 \uc9c4\uc9dc DB \ub97c \uc808\ub300 \uac74\ub4dc\ub9ac\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0, \ub9e4 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub97c \uae68\ub057\ud55c \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2dc\uc791\ud558\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4e0\ub2e4. \uc774\uc81c \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \uace0\uccd0\ub3c4 \ud68c\uadc0\uac00 \ub450\ub835\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n<p>\ucf54\ub4dc\uac00 \uac80\uc99d\ub410\uc73c\ub2c8, \ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9\uc73c\ub85c \ub0a8\uc740 \uc77c\uc740 \uc774\uac78 \uc138\uc0c1\uc5d0 \ub0b4\ubcf4\ub0b4\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"cta\">\n<h3>\ub2e4\uc74c \ud3b8 \uc608\uace0 \u2014 11\ud3b8: \ubc30\ud3ec, Docker \ub85c \ud328\ud0a4\uc9d5<\/h3>\n<p>\ub0b4 \ub178\ud2b8\ubd81\uc5d0\uc11c\ub9cc \ub3cc\ub358 FastAPI \ub97c Dockerfile \ub85c \ubb36\uc5b4 \uc5b4\ub514\uc11c\ub4e0 \ub611\uac19\uc774 \ub744\uc6b4\ub2e4. \ucee8\ud14c\uc774\ub108 \ud55c \uc904\ub85c \ubc30\ud3ec\uae4c\uc9c0.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"footer-nav\">\n\uc2dc\ub9ac\uc988 \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/junai.ai\/blog\/category\/fastapi\/\">\uc27d\uac8c \ubc30\uc6b0\ub294 FastAPI<\/a> \u00b7 \ud568\uaed8 \ubcf4\uae30: <a href=\"https:\/\/junai.ai\/blog\/category\/python\/\">\ud30c\uc774\uc36c \uae30\ucd08 \uc2dc\ub9ac\uc988<\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>TestClient \ub85c \uccab \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub97c \uc4f0\uace0 pytest fixture \uc640 \uc758\uc874\uc131 \uc624\ubc84\ub77c\uc774\ub4dc\ub85c \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc6a9 DB \uae4c\uc9c0 \uc8fc\uc785\ud574 \ud68c\uadc0\ub97c \ub9c9\ub294\ub2e4. \uad50\uc7ac 10\ud3b8.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":932,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-945","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fastapi"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/junai.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/945","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/junai.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/junai.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/junai.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/junai.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=945"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/junai.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/945\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/junai.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/932"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/junai.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=945"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/junai.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=945"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/junai.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=945"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}